Integrasi Green–Blue Infrastructure untuk Ketahanan Iklim dan Air di Nusa Tenggara Timur: Sebuah Systematic Literature Review dari Perspektif Semi-Arid Urban Systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53863/kst.v7i02.1902Kata Kunci:
Green Infrastructure; Blue Infrastructure; semi-arid; NTT; ketahanan air–iklimAbstrak
Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) yang beriklim semi-arid menghadapi tekanan lingkungan berupa kekeringan berkepanjangan, peningkatan suhu permukaan, serta limpasan cepat saat hujan intens. Kondisi tersebut menuntut solusi berbasis alam untuk menjaga keseimbangan hidrologis dan ketahanan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi efektivitas Green Infrastructure (GI) dan Blue Infrastructure (BI) dalam mengatasi krisis air dan panas perkotaan, sekaligus merumuskan model integrasi GI–BI yang adaptif terhadap kondisi sosial-ekologis NTT. Kajian dilakukan melalui Systematic Literature Review (SLR) mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, dengan menelaah sembilan publikasi internasional terkini mengenai kinerja GI–BI di wilayah semi-arid. Sintesis dari sembilan studi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi elemen GI (bioretensi, atap hijau, ruang vegetasi, pohon jalan) dan BI (kolam retensi, kanal alami, waduk mikro) secara konsisten dilaporkan mampu memulihkan neraca air pra-pengembangan sebesar 82–90%, menurunkan limpasan 35–45%, serta menurunkan suhu udara 3–5°C, bergantung pada konfigurasi spasial dan kondisi iklim setempat. Hambatan utama implementasi mencakup keterbatasan pendanaan, koordinasi lintas-sektor, serta minimnya data kinerja jangka panjang. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa GI–BI bukan sekadar strategi teknis, tetapi instrumen kebijakan yang esensial untuk perencanaan tata ruang adaptif, penguatan pembiayaan hijau, dan pengembangan sistem pemantauan lingkungan berbasis penginderaan jauh. Penelitian ini menyoroti urgensi pengembangan kerangka implementasi jangka panjang yang terintegrasi guna memastikan keberlanjutan penerapan GI–BI dalam memperkuat ketahanan iklim NTT.
Referensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Alvin Alfredo Bara, Remigildus Cornelis, Debora Lau
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