Interaksi Air Tanah dan Air Permukaan Sungai Asem Ruas Antara Bendung Boreng sampai Area Industri Kabupaten Lumajang

Anisa Tri Widiyanti; Hari Siswoyo; Linda Prasetyorini

doi:10.53863/kst.v8i01.2111

Authors

Anisa Tri Widiyanti Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Hari Siswoyo Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Linda Prasetyorini Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53863/kst.v8i01.2111

Keywords:

surface water, groundwater, statistical analysis, interaction, Asem river

Abstract

The interaction between groundwater and river water is an important hydrological process that affects the quantity and quality of water resources. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the interaction between groundwater and surface water in the Asem River in the section between Boreng weir and the Industrial Area of Lumajang Regency. The study was conducted during the dry season, namely from May to October 2025. Sampling was carried out at 5 river cross-sections, each consisting of groundwater on the left side of the river flow, surface water (river), and groundwater on the right side of the river. The physical-chemical parameters observed included pH, temperature, TDS, and EC. The measurement data were analyzed using a statistical approach that included time series analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. Based on the results of the time series analysis, it can be stated that there are similarities in the fluctuation patterns of physical-chemical parameters, especially temperature and pH, between groundwater and river water. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, it can be stated that the level of relationship is moderate to strong between groundwater and river water. Based on the results of the principal component analysis, it can be stated that the TDS and EC parameters play a dominant role in differentiating water characteristics. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, it can be stated that the interaction between groundwater and river water is not uniform along the river flow, with strong interactions identified in Cross Section-4 and Cross Section-5. In general, it can be concluded that at the research location there is an interaction between groundwater and river water which is influenced by local hydrological conditions

References

Anisah, S., Yuliani, E., Andawayanti, U., Imai, T., & Samaniyatul, F. (2024). Interaction between groundwater and surface water in Porong River, Sidoarjo. Journal of Water and Land Development, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pengairan.2024.015.01.3

Jena, G., Dutta, K., & Daverey, A. (2023). Surfactants in water and wastewater (greywater): Environmental toxicity and treatment options. Chemosphere, 341, 140082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140082

Jolliffe, I. T. (2002). Principal component analysis (2nd ed.). Springer.

Lien, T., Chang, E. T., Cheng, H., & Yeh, T. (2025). Unveiling river–groundwater interactions through time-variable seismic velocity in northern Pingtung Plain, southern Taiwan. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 58, 102267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102267

Mousumi, D., Hasan, M., & Tariq, A. (2025). Thermal stability of groundwater relative to surface water in subtropical regions. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 16(1), 45–58.

Nugraha, S., Alfahmi, S., Wiwit, H., & Cahyono, H. (2023). Analisis pola aliran dan kuantitas air tanah dangkal di Kota Madiun. Jurnal Teknik Pengairan, 25, 52–65. https://doi.org/10.20961/enviro.v25i1.78749

Nurjanah, N., Andi, F., & Indriani, F. (2017). Implementasi metode Fuzzy C-Means pada sistem clustering data varietas padi. KLIK-Kumpulan Jurnal Ilmu Komputer, 1(1), 23–32.

Page, R. M., Lischeid, G., Epting, J., & Huggenberger, P. (2012). Principal component analysis of time series for identifying indicator variables for riverine groundwater extraction management. Journal of Hydrology, 432–433, 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.02.025

Pandiangan, Y. S., Zulaikha, S., Warto, W., & Yudo, S. (2023). Status kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung berbasis pemantauan online di wilayah DKI Jakarta ditinjau dari parameter suhu, pH, TDS, DO, DHL, dan kekeruhan. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 24(2), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.55981/jtl.2023.1003

Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 38 Tahun 2011 tentang Sungai. (2011). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2011 Nomor 74.

Phan, C. N., Strużyński, A., & Kowalik, T. (2023). Correlation between hydrochemical component of surface water and groundwater in Nida Valley, Poland. Journal of Water and Land Development, 24(12), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172424

Raghavan, S. S., Joseph, S., & Eslamian, S. (2024). Deciphering groundwater–surface water interactions using environmental tracers in a tropical lake, Southwest India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.19.3.5

Razi, M. H., Wilopo, W., & Putra, D. P. E. (2024). Hydrogeochemical evolution and water–rock interaction processes in the multilayer volcanic aquifer of Yogyakarta–Sleman Groundwater Basin, Indonesia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 83, 164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-024-11477-6

Riaz, M., Khan, S., & Ahmed, N. (2020). Temperature influence on hydrochemical properties of groundwater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 450–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07092-4

Sugiharto, W. H., Susanto, H., & Prasetijo, A. B. (2023). Real-time water quality assessment via IoT: Monitoring pH, TDS, temperature, and turbidity. ISI Journal, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.18280/isi.280403

Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (hlm. 224). Bandung: Alfabeta.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 tentang Sumber Daya Air.

Wei, W. W. S. (2006). Time series analysis: Univariate and multivariate methods (2nd ed.). Pearson Addison-Wesley

Winter, T. C., Harvey, J. W., Franke, O. L., & Alley, W. M. (1998). Ground water and surface water: A single resource. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1139.