Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Makro Majemuk Cair dengan Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L)

Eso Solihin; Rija Sudirja; Stefina Liana Sari

doi:10.53863/kst.v7i02.1767

Authors

Eso Solihin Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
Rija Sudirja Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
Stefina Liana Sari Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53863/kst.v7i02.1767

Keywords:

fertilization efficiency, corn yield, NPK, plant growth, compound fertilizer

Abstract

Fertilization is a key factor in enhancing crop productivity, primarily through the provision of essential nutrients. The application of compound fertilizers containing macronutrients, either as an alternative or a complement to single-nutrient fertilizers, is expected to improve fertilization efficiency and support sustainable crop yields. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining macronutrient NPK compound fertilizer with single-nutrient fertilizers—nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)—on plant growth and yield, as well as to determine the optimal dosage. The experiment was conducted from December 2024 to April 2025 using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments included: a control (no fertilizer), single NPK fertilizers (300 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, 100 kg/ha KCl), combinations of NPK with compound fertilizer at different dosages (½, 1, and 1½), and compound fertilizer alone (4 L/ha). The results revealed that the combination of N, P, and K with compound fertilizer significantly enhanced plant growth and yield. Among all treatments, treatment E (NPK + 1½ doses of compound fertilizer) resulted in the highest maize yield

References

Aini, A. F. (2025). Pengaruh Aplikasi Kombinasi Pupuk Tunggal (N, P, K) Dan Pupuk Npk Cair Terhadap Pori Makro Tanah Dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Di Bandar Lampung Pada Saat EL NINO. Skripsi Jurusan Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, 1–23.

Anatalia, R., Harsono, P., Yunindanova, M. B., & Purnomo, D. (2021). Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Foliar Fertilizer on Chili Growth and Yield. Agrotechnology Research Journal, 6(2), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v6i2.54540

Aulia, P., Subaedah, S., & Ralle, A. (2022). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Daun Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Hias Aglaonema Lipstik (Aglaonema crispum). AGrotekMAS Jurnal Indonesia: Jurnal Ilmu Peranian, 3(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.33096/agrotekmas.v3i1.202

Barłóg, P., Grzebisz, W., & Łukowiak, R. (2022). Fertilizers and Fertilization Strategies Mitigating Soil Factors Constraining Efficiency of Nitrogen in Plant Production. Plants.

Eedan, R. O., Bajlan, S. G. S., & Aljeboory, S. R. J. (2021). The Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium in Some Growth Properties of Rosa Damascena Mill L. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 910(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/910/1/012017

Firmansyah, I., Syakir, M., & Lukman, L. (2017). The Influence of Dosage Combination Fertilizer N, P, and K on Growth and Yield of Eggplant Crops (Solanum melongena L. Jurnal Hortikultura, 27(1), 69.

Husnain, Kasno, A., & Rochayati, S. (2019). Pengelolaan Hara dan Teknologi Pemupukan Mendukung Swasembada Pangan di Indonesia Role of Inorganic Fertilizer in Supporting Indonesian Food Self Sufficiency. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 10(1), 25–36.

Jiaying, M., Tingting, C., Jie, L., Weimeng, F., Baohua, F., Guangyan, L., Hubo, L., Juncai, L., Zhihai, W., Longxing, T., & Guanfu, F. (2022). Functions of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Energy Status and Their Influences on Rice Growth and Development. Rice Science, 29(2), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2022.01.005

Manullang, S. F., & Hartawan, R. (2024). Best Combination of Liquid Organic Fertilizer with NPK Fertilizer for Cocoa Seedling Growth ( Theobroma cacao L .). Juatika, 6(3).

Ojeniyi, K., Ngonidzashe, C., Devkota, K., & Madukwe, D. (2024). Optimizing split-fertilizer applications for enhanced maize yield and nutrient use efficiency in Nigeria’s Middle-belt. Heliyon, 10(19), e37747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37747

Oktasari, S. (2022). Efektivitas Pemberian Pupuk Daun Majemuk NPK Cair Terhadap Serapan Hara N, P, K, Produksi Dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays Saccharata) Di Tanah Ultisol, Lampung Tengah. Skripsi Jurusan Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung.

Priambodo, A., & Pujiwati, H. (2023). Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk Organik Dan Dosis NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Kedelai Pada Budidaya Jenuh Air. Seminar Nasional Pertanian Pesisir, 2(1). https://semnas.bpfp-unib.com/index.php/SENATASI/article/download/186/113

Salim, T., Tarigan, D. M., & Haireen, R. (2025). Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk NPK 15:15:15 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Selasih (Ocimum basilicum), Mint (Mentha spp) Dan Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens). Jurnal Agrotek, 9(1), 66–81.

Salisbury, F. B., & Ross, C. W. (1995). Fisiologi Tumbuhan, Jilid 3: Perkembangan Tumbuhan dan Fisiologi Lingkungan (Diah R. Lukman, Sumaryono & Sofia Niksolihin, Penerjemah). Bandung: Penerbit ITB.

Shi, X. J., Hao, X. Z., Li, N. N., Li, J. H., Shi, F., Han, H. Y., Tian, Y., Chen, Y., Wang, J., & Luo, H. H. (2022). Organic Liquid Fertilizer Coupled With Single Application of Chemical Fertilization Improves Growth, Biomass, and Yield Components of Cotton Under Mulch Drip Irrigation. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12(January), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.763525

Solihin, E., Sudirja, R., & Yuniarti, A. (2024). Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt) Akibat Pemberian Dosis Pupuk Majemuk Npk. Agro Tatanen| Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 6(2), 61–67.

Sukmawan, Y., Sudradjat, & Sugiyanta. (2015). Peranan Pupuk Organik dan NPK Majemuk terhadap Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit TBM 1 di Lahan Marginal. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 43(3), 242. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v43i3.11251

Sumarno, J., Harianto, H., & Kusnadi, N. (2015). Peningkatan Produksi Dan Efisiensi Usahatani Jagung Melalui Penerapan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (Ptt) Di Gorontalo. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Agribisnis, 12(2), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.17358/jma.12.2.79

Suryani, E., Galingging, R. Y., Widodo, W., & Marlin, M. (2021). Aplikasi Pupuk Daun Untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 23(1), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.23.1.66-71