Teknik Kultur Embrio Jagung (Zea mays L.) melalui Modifikasi Media Kultur Jaringan

Authors

  • Elea Nur Aziza Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Annisa Khoiriyah Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Geraldo Adinugra Rimartin Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Sari Megawati Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53863/agronu.v5i01.2141

Keywords:

Embryo Culture, Immature Embryo, Maize

Abstract

This study explores the use of embryo culture as a strategic approach to rescue maize (Zea mays L.) embryos derived from interspecific crosses that fail to develop normally. Not all crosses result in viable seeds; in many cases, embryos remain immature or undergo developmental arrest, which increases the risk of embryo abortion before they can develop into complete plants. Embryo development failure in maize crosses, especially in combinations involving genetically distant genotypes, represents a major constraint in plant breeding programs. Without appropriate intervention, the resulting hybrid genotypes may be lost and consequently slow down the development of new superior varieties. To address this limitation, immature embryo culture represents an effective in vitro technique. Embryo culture involves the excision of young or incompletely developed plant embryos from seeds or ovaries and their subsequent cultivation on nutrient-rich artificial media to support further growth and plant regeneration. The objective of this study was to identify the optimal Murashige and Skoog (MS)-based culture medium composition for immature maize embryo growth using a factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of combinations of agar concentration (4, 6, 8, and 10 g L⁻¹) and medium strength (0.5 MS, 0.75 MS, and 1 MS). The results indicated no significant interaction between MS medium strength and agar concentration. 1 MS medium produced the best results for shoot height, root length, and root number, whereas 0.75 MS medium resulted in the highest germination percentage. No significant differences were observed among treatments for days to germination and leaf number. An agar concentration of 6 g L⁻¹ yielded the highest germination percentage and shoot height, while other variables were not significantly affected by agar concentration. In conclusion, 1 MS medium or an agar concentration of 6 g L⁻¹ can be recommended for the culture of immature maize embryos

References

Blackman, S. A., Brown, K. L., Manalo, J. R., & Roos, E. E. (1996). Embryo culture as a means to rescue deteriorated maize seeds. Crop Science, 36(6), 1693–1698. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060036x

Dongoran, D. (2009). Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Cair TNF dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam. Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Hany, I. P., Noli, Z. A., & Suwirmen. (2024). Perkecambahan Biji Anggrek Grammatophyllum stapeliiflorum pada Media MS dengan Penambahan BAP secara In Vitro. Jurnal Biologi, 17(1), 115–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.27624

Istiqhomah, N., Kustiawam, W., & Ariyanti, I. (2019). Perkecambahan Embrio Jagung (Zea mays L.) Varietas Lokal secara In Vitro pada Media MS0 dengan Variasi Kepadatan. Journal of Biology and Applied Biology, 2(2), 68–75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21580/ah.v2i2.4133.

Kasryno, F., Effendi, P., Suyamto, & Adhyana, M. O. (2007). Gambaran Umum Ekonomi Jagung di Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan. Jakarta.

Rahayu, E. M. D., Putri, W. U., Wardani, F. F., & End ewip, L. N. (2022). Mikromorfologi dan Perkecambahan In Vitro Biji Anggrek Endemik Sulawesi: Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 50(1), 107–114. https://doi.org/. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v50i1.39012.

Rogo, U., Fambrini, M., & Pugliesi, C. (2023). Embryo Rescue in Plant Breeding. Plants, 12(17), 3106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173106

Soerkandono, N. B. (2008). Teknik Produksi Jagung Anjuran di Lokasi Peima Tani Kabupaten Sumenep. Buletin Teknik Pertanian, 13(1), 27–29.

Wirakusuma, K. T., A., P., Husni, A., & Kosmiatin, M. (2023). Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan In Vitro Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantiifolia). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 14(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.14.1.

Wulandari, Arasya, B., & Jaelani, L. M. (2019). Identifikasi Fase Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Menggunakan Citra SAR Sentinel-1A (Studi Kasus: kecamatan Gerung, Lombok Barat, NTB). Jurnal Penginderaan Jauh Indonesia, 1(2), 52–59.

Downloads

Published

2026-01-27

How to Cite

Aziza, E. N., Khoiriyah, A., Rimartin, G. A., & Megawati, S. (2026). Teknik Kultur Embrio Jagung (Zea mays L.) melalui Modifikasi Media Kultur Jaringan. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 5(01), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.53863/agronu.v5i01.2141

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Agroteknologi

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Elea Nur Aziza, Annisa Khoiriyah, Geraldo Adinugra Rimartin, Sari Megawati

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal