Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi
type: channel
description: Title proper: Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi E-ISSN: 2685-6921 Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi This journal is a scientific information medium that contains articles on research results and theoretical studies within its scope, as well as original scientific papers, review articles, and case studies. Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi is published twice a year in June and December with a publish us you go scheme. Focus and Scope focused on Civil Enginering, Agriculture, Informatics Enginering, Education, and Animal Hubandry as well as related topicsof agricultural science. Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi is published twice a year. From January 2023 Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi We are excited to announce is moving to a “publish-as-you-go” scheme. This means that we no longer wait to accumulate several articles into an issue before publication. Rather, articles are continuously added to current issues as they are accepted and complete the production process. As an online publication, we are free of the constraints imposed by print publishing, and publishing articles on the go will reduce publication lag for our authors, and make the newest research available to our readers more quickly. After completing the review process, an article is assigned a DOI and published online in the current issue. When the issue period ends, a new issue is activated and articles with DOI are added until the end of the issue period. So accepted articles are published without waiting for the issue period. Publisher: Universitas Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama Kebumen
publisher: Universitas Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama Kebumen
language: en-US
publication name: Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi
issn: 2656-6966
copyright: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal
items: Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Makro Majemuk Cair dengan Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L)
items: Smart Temperature and Humidity Monitoring pada Data center Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berbasis Raspberry Pi 5 dan Notifikasi Discord
items: Pendugaan Heritabilitas dan Korelasi Genetik Berat Umur 21 Hari dan Berat Umur 35 Hari pada Mencit
items: Evaluasi Tingkat Kinerja Lalu Lintas dan Aksesibilitas Jalan di Sekitar Alun-Alun Kebumen Pasca Revitalisasi Kawasan
items: Klasifikasi Citra Produk Font Menggunakan Convolution Neural Network
items: Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ubi Jalar dalam Pakan Lokal Terfermentasi Terhadap Performance Ternak Babi Duroc Fase Grower di Desa Turekisa
items: Evaluasi Stabilitas dan Adaptabilitas Karakter Agronomi Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) dalam Respon Interaksi Genotip dengan Lingkungan
items: Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada Suhu Kamar
items: Observasi Penyakit pada Tanaman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabika L.) di Perkebunan Kopi Solok Radjo
items: Analisis Respon Agronomis Jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap Variasi Dosis Pupuk NPK pada Sistem Tumpangsari untuk Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas
items: Sistem Manajemen Kelas Menggunakan K-Means Clustering untuk Pengelompokan Kelas Unggulan pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Neglasari 3
items: Systematic Literature Review: Phytochemistry and Antimalarial Activity of Carrica Papaya Linn
items: Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Pertumbuhan Tanaman Hidroponik Berbasis Sensor Konduktivitas dan LabVIEW
items: Metode Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Sains untuk Meningkatkan Pendidikan Karakter: Analisis Bibliometrik pada Publikasi 2020-2025
items: Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Tani Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.) di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah
items: Durabilitas Campuran Aspal Emulsi Dingin dengan Substitusi Serbuk Karet Ban Bekas sebagai Agregat Halus
items: Media Digital dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini: Antara Inovasi Pedagogis dan Tantangan Etis
items: Pengembangan Aplikasi Simulasi Berbasis Web terhadap Kompetensi Kognitif Crimping Kabel UTP Siswa SMK
items: Integrasi Green–Blue Infrastructure untuk Ketahanan Iklim dan Air di Nusa Tenggara Timur: Sebuah Systematic Literature Review dari Perspektif Semi-Arid Urban Systems
items: Development of a Web-Based 360-Degree Virtual Tour for AEWO Mulyaharja Tourism Village Using the MDLC
items: Analisis Clustering Persepsi Santriwati Akhir KMI Terhadap Pengabdian UNIDA Reguler Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
items: Implementation and Evaluation of an Industry 4.0-Based Energy Monitoring System: A Case Study of PT Communication Cable Systems Indonesia Tbk
items: Pengembangan Aplikasi RasulEdu Berbasis Android untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital pada Pembelajaran PAI Materi Sejarah Dakwah Rasulullah di SMP Negeri 1 Palangka Raya
items: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor dan Air Buah Lontar sebagai pengencer alami dalam Preservasi Semen Babi: Literatur Review
items: Comparative Analysis of Random Forest and XGBoost for Detecting Phishing Websites: A Machine Learning Approach
items: Evaluasi Model Machine learning untuk Prediksi Keparahan Kanker Berdasarkan Data Real-world Global
items: Analisis Determinan Karakter Siswa Menggunakan Explainable Machine Learning (SHAP) dan Klasterisasi Profil Sekolah Studi Kasus Rapor Pendidikan Provinsi Bali
items: Analisis Pemahaman Peserta Latsar CPNS terhadap Instrumen Analisis Isu: Pohon Masalah, Fishbone, dan SWOT

Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Makro Majemuk Cair dengan Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L)
type: item
description: Fertilization is a key factor in enhancing crop productivity, primarily through the provision of essential nutrients. The application of compound fertilizers containing macronutrients, either as an alternative or a complement to single-nutrient fertilizers, is expected to improve fertilization efficiency and support sustainable crop yields. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining macronutrient NPK compound fertilizer with single-nutrient fertilizers—nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)—on plant growth and yield, as well as to determine the optimal dosage. The experiment was conducted from December 2024 to April 2025 using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments included: a control (no fertilizer), single NPK fertilizers (300 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, 100 kg/ha KCl), combinations of NPK with compound fertilizer at different dosages (½, 1, and 1½), and compound fertilizer alone (4 L/ha). The results revealed that the combination of N, P, and K with compound fertilizer significantly enhanced plant growth and yield. Among all treatments, treatment E (NPK + 1½ doses of compound fertilizer) resulted in the highest maize yield
creator: Eso Solihin
creator: Rija Sudirja
creator: Stefina Liana Sari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Eso Solihin, Rija Sudirja, Stefina Liana Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-22
publication date: 2025-07-22
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 604
ending page: 612
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1767

Smart Temperature and Humidity Monitoring pada Data center Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berbasis Raspberry Pi 5 dan Notifikasi Discord
type: item
description: A data center is a vital component of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure that requires continuous physical environmental monitoring, particularly for temperature and humidity. These parameters significantly affect the stability and longevity of server equipment. Therefore, a monitoring system with high accuracy, reliability, and rapid response capability is essential. This study aims to design and develop an integrated temperature and humidity monitoring system using a Raspberry Pi 5 as the control unit, employing a DHT22 sensor to measure environmental conditions. The collected data is stored in a MariaDB database, visualized through a Grafana dashboard, and complemented with automated notification delivery via the Discord platform. The implementation and testing were conducted at the Data center managed by the Department of Communication and Informatics of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The system supports real-time monitoring, alerts when environmental parameters exceed defined safety thresholds, and automated daily reports sent to a designated Discord channel. The research follows an engineering-based system development method, comprising stages of literature study, needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The testing results indicate that the system performs accurate sensor readings (within a tolerance range of ±0.4°C for temperature and ±1.4% for humidity) and successfully stores data periodically in the database. It also reliably sends automatic alerts to Discord when temperature or humidity levels exceed the specified thresholds (18–27°C and 30–60% RH) and delivers visual dashboard reports twice daily on a schedule. This monitoring system is expected to support the operational team of the Data center in managing environmental security more effectively and responsively
creator: Ari Widiyatmoko
creator: Imam Suharjo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ari Widiyatmoko, Imam Suharjo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-29
publication date: 2025-07-29
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 613
ending page: 634
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1742

Pendugaan Heritabilitas dan Korelasi Genetik Berat Umur 21 Hari dan Berat Umur 35 Hari pada Mencit
type: item
description: This study aims to determine the genetic potential of mice by estimating their weight at 21 days old and 35 days old. Mice are one of the rodents used in education for learning purposes, such as practical work, research, and experimental animals, as well as in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. The importance of mice in education and industry has led to efforts to maintain their quality through genetic improvement. This study utilized data from 258 mice, including 20 male mice and 43 female mice. Heritability estimates and genetic correlation estimates were calculated using the half-sib correlation method. The estimated heritability value for 21-day-old weight in mice was 0.72 ± 0.27, and the estimated heritability value for 35 days old weight in mice was 0.88 ± 0.30. The estimated heritability values for 21 days old weight and 35 days old weight in mice fall into the category of high heritability. The estimated genetic correlation between 21 days old weight and 35 days old weight in mice was 0.34 ± 0.22, which falls into the category of positive and moderate genetic correlation. Based on the results of the heritability and genetic correlation estimates for 21 days old weight and 35 days old weight, mice show good genetic potential.
creator: Meireni Cahyowati
creator: Harvey Febrianta
creator: Nain Ufidiyati
creator: Nadia Maharani
creator: Yananto Aryo Wicaksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Meireni Cahyowati, Harvey Febrianta, Nain Ufidiyati, Nadia Maharani, Yananto Aryo Wicaksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-29
publication date: 2025-07-29
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 635
ending page: 642
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1805

Evaluasi Tingkat Kinerja Lalu Lintas dan Aksesibilitas Jalan di Sekitar Alun-Alun Kebumen Pasca Revitalisasi Kawasan
type: item
description: The revitalization of Alun-Alun Kebumen, a central public open space, has brought significant changes to traffic characteristics and road accessibility in its surrounding areas. Increased community activities following the revitalization led to a 12.4% rise in traffic volume during peak hours, changes in vehicular movement patterns, and localized congestion at key junctions. This study aims to evaluate post-revitalization traffic performance and network accessibility around the Alun-Alun Kebumen area. The methodology involved direct surveys of traffic volume, vehicle speed measurements, delay observations, and documentation of current road conditions. Data were analyzed using the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (Indonesia, 1997)) focusing on road capacity, volume-to-capacity ratio (V/C or Degree of Saturation), and Level of Service (LOS). The findings reveal an increase in DS on Jalan Kusuma, reaching 0.89 (LOS D), and a shift to one-way traffic systems has resulted in less direct connectivity between road segments. While the revitalization has improved pedestrian comfort and urban aesthetics, it has also imposed pressure on motorized traffic performance. Policy recommendations include reconfiguring traffic circulation and enhancing transport mode integration to ensure the long-term functionality of Kebumen's urban core
creator: Afrizal Zulkarnaen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Afrizal Zulkarnaen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-02
publication date: 2025-08-02
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 643
ending page: 657
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1817

Klasifikasi Citra Produk Font Menggunakan Convolution Neural Network
type: item
description: Pada dunia desain grafis, jenis font merupakan satu kesatuan yang sangat penting dalam menciptakan karya yang tidak hanya menarik secara visual, tetapi juga mampu meningkatkan nilai estetika dan komunikasi pesan. Banyak sekali jenis font yang tersedia di berbagai website atau platform digital yang dapat diunduh dengan mudah, baik secara gratis maupun dengan cara berbayar. Di era digital saat ini, perkembangan dan kemajuan teknologi semakin mendukung serta mempermudah para desainer grafis atau komunikasi visual dalam menciptakan desain font sebagai bagian dari karya mereka. Selain itu, desain grafis juga memegang peranan penting dalam pembuatan logo, yang memerlukan proses eksplorasi dan pemilihan yang cermat agar sesuai dengan identitas visual suatu merk. Namun, dengan banyaknya jenis dan gaya font yang tersedia, seringkali perencana visual dan teknisi frontend menghadapi tantangan yang menimbulkan masalah dalam mengenali dan memilih gaya teks yang tepat untuk setiap proyek desain. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang mampu membantu dalam proses identifikasi dan klasifikasi font secara otomatis dan efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sebuah model Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) yang dapat digunakan untuk klasifikasi gambar produk font secara otomatis. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif yang dikumpulkan melalui proses eksperimen awal. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan optimizer Adam menghasilkan akurasi klasifikasi yang tinggi, mencapai 96.77%. Dengan demikian, implementasi CNN terbukti efektif dalam mengklasifikasikan produk font, yang dapat membantu para desainer grafis dalam membuat keputusan yang lebih cepat dan tepat terkait pemilihan font. Hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas serta kualitas hasil desain grafis secara keseluruhan, sekaligus meminimalkan kesalahan pemilihan jenis font. Kata kunci: Produk Font; Convolutional Neural Network; Klasifikasi Abstract In the wor…
creator: Muhammad Nasihin
creator: Supatman Supatman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Nasihin, Supatman Supatman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-12
publication date: 2025-08-12
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 658
ending page: 670
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1293

Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ubi Jalar dalam Pakan Lokal Terfermentasi Terhadap Performance Ternak Babi Duroc Fase Grower di Desa Turekisa
type: item
description: This study aims to determine the effect of adding sweet potato flour (Ipomoea batatas) in fermented local feed on the performance of Duroc pigs in the grower phase. Sweet potato is a potential source of carbohydrates with nutritional content that supports livestock growth, while fermentation of local feed aims to increase the digestibility and availability of nutrients. In general, people in Turekisa village raise pigs to meet economic needs, therefore optimal pig production requires good nutrition. This study used an experimental design with two treatments on the addition of sweet potato flour in feed, namely 100% fermented local feed in treatment 0 (P0) and 10% sweet potato flour in treatment 1 (P1). The parameters observed included consumption, body weight gain (PBB) and feed conversion, feed efficiency, and general livestock health. The results showed that the addition of sweet potato flour in fermented local feed significantly increased (PBB) and feed efficiency at an addition level of up to 10%. In addition, fermentation of local feed had a positive impact on the digestibility of crude fiber and the availability of metabolic energy. The conclusion of this study is that the addition of sweet potato flour up to 10% in fermented local feed can improve the performance of Duroc pigs in the grower phase. This study provides practical implications for the development of more economical and environmentally friendly local-based feed for pig farming
creator: Kresensia Mariana Dua
creator: Yulius A.G. Sampe
creator: Nicolaus Noywuli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kresensia Mariana Dua, Yulius A.G. Sampe, Nicolaus Noywuli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-12
publication date: 2025-08-12
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 671
ending page: 678
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1794

Evaluasi Stabilitas dan Adaptabilitas Karakter Agronomi Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) dalam Respon Interaksi Genotip dengan Lingkungan
type: item
description: Soybeans are a strategic national commodity that plays an important role in food security. However, domestic production of high-quality soybeans remains low, leading to high dependence on imports. One strategy to reduce soybean imports is through a plant breeding program, which aims to produce high-yielding soybean varieties that can adapt well to various agroecological conditions. However, in practice, soybean breeders often face diverse soil conditions, which can cause instability in soybean performance. This study aims to evaluate the stability and adaptability of 14 soybean genotypes based on their phenotypic responses to three different environments. The parameters observed include plant height, flowering time, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant. Analysis was conducted using the Eberhart and Russell stability model, considering the regression coefficient (bi), deviation from regression (Sd²), and standard error SE(bi). Results indicated significant genotype-environment interactions, reflecting the instability of some genotypes to changes in environmental conditions. The genotypes Detap 1, Detam 3 Prida, and Galur 122 showed high stability and broad adaptability across several agronomic traits, while the genotypes Wilis, Galur 106, and Devon 1 were classified as unstable with significant deviation values. Some genotypes, such as Anjasmoro and Devon 2, exhibited good stability but had more specific adaptability to certain environments. The results of this study provide a strong scientific basis for soybean variety selection, thereby improving land use efficiency, supporting consistent production planning, and reducing the risk of yield decline due to variety unsuitability to the growing environment
creator: Patimah Anjelina
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Patimah Anjelina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-15
publication date: 2025-08-15
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 679
ending page: 689
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1837

Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada Suhu Kamar
type: item
description: Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a strategic crop requiring high-quality seeds to improve domestic production. However, soybean seeds have a limited storage life, especially at ambient temperature, which can reduce their physiological quality. This study aimed to identify the decline in seed quality during storage at room temperature. The experiment was conducted at the Agroecotechnology Laboratory, Universitas Andalas, using a Completely Randomized Design with two seed storage durations (3 and 6 months), each with four replications. Observed parameters included maximum germination potential, germination rate, vigor index, and germination uniformity. Results showed that seeds stored for 3 months maintained significantly higher physiological quality than those stored for 6 months. Maximum germination potential decreased from 85% to 25%, germination rate from 90% to 47%, vigor index from 47 to 6, and uniformity from 43% to 5%. It is concluded that soybean seed storage at ambient temperature should not exceed three months to preserve physiological quality. These findings provide important technical guidance for soybean seed management
creator: Desfal Triati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Desfal Triati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-15
publication date: 2025-08-15
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 690
ending page: 698
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1836

Observasi Penyakit pada Tanaman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabika L.) di Perkebunan Kopi Solok Radjo
type: item
description: Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the high economic value plantation commodities widely cultivated in the highland areas of West Sumatra. This study aimed to identify diseases affecting Arabica coffee in the Solok Radjo Cooperative plantation. The study was conducted in coffee plantation by the Solok Radjo Cooperative and Laboratory of the Agroecotechnology, Department of Plantation Crop Cultivation, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Dharmasraya, West Sumatera. Field surveys were carried out on plants exhibiting disease symptoms, followed by visual documentation, sampling of infected tissues, and laboratory analysis through microscopic observation and morphological identification of pathogens. The results revealed three major diseases: leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix), leaf spot (Cercospora sp.), and fruit rot (Fusarium sp.), all of which have the potential to reduce coffee bean productivity and quality. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing effective and sustainable disease management strategies to support the improvement of Arabica coffee quality and production
creator: Arifda Ayu Swastini Waruwu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Arifda Ayu Swastini Waruwu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-16
publication date: 2025-08-16
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 699
ending page: 707
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1838

Analisis Respon Agronomis Jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap Variasi Dosis Pupuk NPK pada Sistem Tumpangsari untuk Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas
type: item
description: Maize (Zea mays L.) is a strategic food commodity in Indonesia, playing a crucial role in national food security as the second most important source of carbohydrates after rice, as well as serving as an essential raw material for the livestock feed industry and various agro-industrial sectors. The increasing demand for maize underscores the need for land intensification strategies, particularly in cultivation areas with spatial limitations such as intercropping systems. However, the success of intercropping is highly dependent on nutrient availability to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, thereby enhancing nutrient use efficiency. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of NPK fertilizer application on the growth and productivity of maize under an intercropping system, in order to establish a scientific basis for effective, efficient, and sustainable fertilization recommendations. The experiment was conducted at the Dharmasraya Campus III Experimental Farm, Andalas University, from August to December 2025. The study employed a factorial experiment arranged in a Split Plot Design with two factors. The first factor consisted of two cropping systems: monoculture and polyculture, while the second factor comprised three NPK Mutiara 16-16-16 fertilizer rates: 150 kg ha⁻¹, 250 kg ha⁻¹, and 350 kg ha⁻¹. Each treatment combination was replicated three times, resulting in a total of 18 experimental plots. Observed parameters included vegetative growth variables—plant height (cm) and number of leaves at 28, 35, and 42 days after planting (DAP)—as well as generative variables—ear weight with husk (g), ear weight without husk (g), ear length with husk (cm), and ear length without husk (cm). Results indicated that the application of NPK at a rate of 350 kg ha⁻¹ (sub-plot treatment P3) produced a significant agronomic response, optimizing various growth parameters in both vegetative and generative phases. Based on these …
creator: Nadiya Pirhat
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nadiya Pirhat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-16
publication date: 2025-08-16
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 708
ending page: 719
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1839

Sistem Manajemen Kelas Menggunakan K-Means Clustering untuk Pengelompokan Kelas Unggulan pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Neglasari 3
type: item
description: This study aims to develop and analyze a classroom management system using K-Means Clustering at SD Negeri Neglasari 3. The system is designed to group outstanding classes objectively, efficiently, and transparently based on students' academic achievements. The system is designed to streamline the data processing of students in the grouping of elite classes, which currently still relies on manual processes. The system development method used is the waterfall method, consisting of the following stages: Requirement Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance. The system is built using the Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) programming language and the MySQL database. To test the developed system, several methods were used, including black-box testing, User Acceptance Test (UAT), time comparison tests (pre-test and post-test), and the distribution of satisfaction questionnaires to 10 teachers as respondents. The research results showed that black-box testing and User Acceptance Test validation were 100% successful. Additionally, the developed system demonstrated a significant improvement in task completion time efficiency for class grouping, increasing by 80.63% compared to manual methods. The questionnaire responses yielded a score of 4.49 out of 5. Thus, the research findings confirm that the developed system is a valid solution for objectively and efficiently grouping elite classes
creator: Fitri Anggraini
creator: Imam Suprapta
creator: Warno Warno
creator: Hafid Fahrezi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fitri Anggraini, Imam Suprapta, Warno Warno, Hafid Fahrezi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 720
ending page: 738
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1841

Systematic Literature Review: Phytochemistry and Antimalarial Activity of Carrica Papaya Linn
type: item
description: Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) have been trusted and proven to antimalarial activity. Currently review information on morphology, phytochemical and pharmacology aspects of the papaya plant (Carica papaya L). Based on a literature study on papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) summarized from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer with search keys morphology, phytochemical, antimalarial, Carica papaya L, plasmodium falciparum, papaya leaf extract has antimalarial activity against plasmodium falciparum. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L) showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides. Flavonoids showed antimalarial activity against P. falcifarum which inhibited the entry of L-glutamine and myoinositol into infected erythrocytes during the intraerthrocytic phase of the Plasmodium life cycle.
creator: Diana Merna
creator: Maipha Deapati Arief
creator: Maria N. Keruru
creator: Nicolaus Noywuli
creator: Inggrid Kase
creator: Daniel Simo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Diana Merna, Maipha D. Arif, Maria N. Keruru, Nicolaus Noywuli, Inggrid Kase, Daniel Simo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-13
publication date: 2025-09-13
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 739
ending page: 748
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1653

Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Pertumbuhan Tanaman Hidroponik Berbasis Sensor Konduktivitas dan LabVIEW
type: item
description: This community service project is an implementation of research findings. Hydroponic farming offers an innovative solution to land scarcity and soil degradation in urban areas. Its success heavily depends on the management of nutrient solution quality, particularly in terms of electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature. In the local hydroponic farm, residents were still using manual methods that are inaccurate and lack data logging capabilities. Therefore, an EC and temperature sensor-based monitoring system integrated with LabVIEW was developed. The system is designed to provide real-time readings, color-coded visual indicators, and automatic data logging. Testing was conducted over six days at a lettuce hydroponic installation, yielding an average EC deviation of 3.2% compared to a reference device. The measured temperature range remained within the ideal range (26.1–28.3°C). The system operated stably with a 1-second reading interval, low power consumption, and compatibility with local conditions. Positive user feedback highlighted its ease of use and practical benefits in plant maintenance decision-making. Through this appropriate technology approach, the system has the potential to serve as a model for smart household-scale agricultural development in urban areas
creator: Nuralam Nuralam
creator: Rizdam Firly Muzakki
creator: Sri Lestari Kusumastuti
creator: Hariyanto Hariyanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nuralam Nuralam, Rizdam Firly Muzakki, Sri Lestari Kusumastuti, Hariyanto Hariyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-22
publication date: 2025-09-22
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 749
ending page: 758
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1787

Metode Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Sains untuk Meningkatkan Pendidikan Karakter: Analisis Bibliometrik pada Publikasi 2020-2025
type: item
description: The study aims to determine the publication map for the period 2020-2025 related to science learning methods as character education, particularly articles published in journals indexed by Scopus, Crossref, and Google Scholar. The research questions are as follows: (1) How are science learning methods as character education viewed from the publication map? (2) What is interesting for academics regarding science learning methods as character education? (3). What topics are frequently written about in publications related to science learning methods as character education? This study analysed 1,101 articles using the keywords ‘education methods, science education, character education.’ Thematic areas were identified using keyword analysis. The analysis and visualisation process used Publish or Perish and VOSviewer. The study shows that science learning methods as character education have been a trend over the past five years. The keyword visualisation presents 8 clusters: (1) institution; (2) technology; (3) management; (4) local wisdom; (5) outcome; (6) COVID; (7) student character; and (8) child. Bibliometric mapping analysis can provide information related to the development patterns of publications in the field of science education methods for character education. These findings serve as a valuable foundation for future research: 1) The need for holistic and in-depth research on STEAM in science education; and 2) The need for research focused on areas that are still under-explored, such as: (1) integrating character education; (2) blended learning; and (3) local wisdom.
creator: Rasyid Zuhdi
creator: Aziza Karenina
creator: Winda Rachman Putri
creator: Andyta Ma’rifatul Usnia
creator: Andika Febrian
creator: Nuris Fattahillah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rasyid Zuhdi, Aziza Karenina, Winda Rachman Putri, Andyta Ma’rifatul Usnia, Andika Febrian, Nuris Fattahillah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-18
publication date: 2025-10-18
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 759
ending page: 772
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1844

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Tani Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.) di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah
type: item
description: Chili has high economic value and is one of the commodities that determine inflation in Indonesia. Chili farming faces various challenges, such as dependence on production inputs and high climate risks. This study aims to analyze the cost structure, revenue, and profit of the chili farming, as well as evaluate the feasibility of chili farming in Karanganyar Regency. The study used 100 primary data obtained through structured interviews with chili farmers using questionnaires. Farming business analysis was conducted to explain the cost structure, income and profits of large red chili farming businesses. The feasibility of chili farming is analyzed using profit, R/C ratio, ROI, and BEP as indicators. The results of the analysis show that chili farming in Karanganyar Regency requires costs of Rp 50,838,529/ha for one planting season. The largest proportion of costs is labor expenses, which reach Rp 16,735,396/ha, or 32.92% of the total costs. With a productivity of 5,132 kg/ha, the chili farming can provide an income of Rp 161,782,703/ha and generate profits of Rp 111,083,320/ha. When converted based on the actual land area and planting period, the profit from chili farming is Rp 5,571,921/month; this value is higher than the regency minimum wedge value (UMK) of Karanganyar Regency. The business feasibility evaluation shows an R/C ratio of 3.19, an ROI of 219%, a BEP unit of 1,613 kg, and a BEP price of Rp 9,907/kg. These findings indicate that chili farming in Karanganyar Regency is feasible to run
creator: Didik Suryadi
creator: Dewi Nawang Suprihatin
creator: Anditya Gilang Rizky P
creator: Cahyaningtyas Putri Suhita
creator: Desy Setyaningrum
creator: Dimar Hantari
creator: Edi Paryanto
creator: Febry Nurhidayati
creator: Zainal Arifin
creator: Hardian Ningsih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Didik Suryadi, Dewi Nawang Suprihatin, Anditya Gilang Rizky P, Cahyaningtyas Putri Suhita, Desy Setyaningrum, Dimar Hantari, Edi Paryanto, Febry Nurhidayati, Zainal Arifin, Hardian Ningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 773
ending page: 784
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1852

Durabilitas Campuran Aspal Emulsi Dingin dengan Substitusi Serbuk Karet Ban Bekas sebagai Agregat Halus
type: item
description: The increasing number of motor vehicles in Indonesia has led to a rise in waste tires, which are difficult to decompose naturally. Utilizing this waste as road construction material aligns with the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle. This study aims to analyze the effect of waste tire crumb rubber as a fine aggregate substitute on the Marshall characteristics and volumetric parameters of Cold Asphalt Emulsion Mixture (CAEM). The experimental method was conducted using five substitution levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), which were tested using the Marshall Test to determine stability, flow, Marshall Quotient (MQ), and volumetric parameters (VIM, VMA, VFA). The addition of recycled rubber from waste tires influences the mechanistic behavior of asphalt mixtures. Test results show a trend of increasing VIM and decreasing VMA and VFA, with the optimal void balance achieved at a rubber content of 5–10%. The elastomeric properties of the rubber particles enhance the elastic deformation capacity, thereby improving the mixture’s flexibility up to a 5% content. At 10%, the flow value decreases, indicating greater stiffness or stability. Higher contents tend to disrupt the continuity of the asphalt matrix and weaken the aggregate bonding, consistent with the material’s viscoelastic behavior. Therefore, a 5% rubber content provides the best balance between stability, flexibility, and void characteristics, while also improving the durability of the asphalt mixture. The use of this material offers environmental benefits by reducing solid waste and supporting the concept of sustainable development in pavement construction. Further studies are recommended to include water susceptibility tests, evaluations of plastic deformation under repeated loading, and field-scale testing to verify performance under actual service conditions
creator: I Dewa Made Alit Karyawan
creator: Made Mahendra
creator: Ida Ayu Oka Suwati Sideman
creator: Ratna Yuniarti
creator: Jauhar Fajrin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 I Dewa Made Alit Karyawan, Made Mahendra, Ida Ayu Oka Suwati Sideman, Ratna Yuniarti, Jauhar Fajrin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 785
ending page: 796
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1888

Media Digital dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini: Antara Inovasi Pedagogis dan Tantangan Etis
type: item
description: The development of digital media in early childhood education (ECE) presents both pedagogical opportunities and complex ethical challenges. This study aims to develop and evaluate a digital media model that balances educational innovation with child rights protection, focusing on the integration of teachers' digital literacy and child-friendly application design. A mixed methods approach with a convergent parallel design was employed, involving 12 teachers and 60 students from three ECE institutions in Jember Regency, along with 9 parents. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, and analyzed using thematic techniques and descriptive statistics with NVivo 14 and SPSS version 26. The findings indicate that digital media usage in ECE remains largely passive and lacks ethical consideration, while teachers and parents express strong needs for educational and safe media. Interventions in the form of ethical digital literacy training modules and a prototype of a play-based digital learning application improved teachers’ ethical awareness and children's active engagement in learning. The products were revised based on field evaluations to align with local contexts and user characteristics. This research contributes conceptually by proposing an ethical digital pedagogy model and provides practical recommendations for policy development, application design, and training for teachers and parents to build a safe, inclusive, and meaningful digital education ecosystem for young children
creator: Irmawati Irmawati
creator: Erick Herdiansyah
creator: Faizal Arimbawan
creator: Endra Priawasana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Irmawati Irmawati, Erick Herdiansyah, Faizal Arimbawan, Endra Priawasana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 797
ending page: 812
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1773

Pengembangan Aplikasi Simulasi Berbasis Web terhadap Kompetensi Kognitif Crimping Kabel UTP Siswa SMK
type: item
description: In the field of computer networks and telecommunications, one of the basic skills that must be mastered is the installation of UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cables. This skill is the main foundation in building network systems. However, in practice, the learning process often faces obstacles. Limited practice equipment, the risk of student errors that can cause equipment damage, and short learning times make it difficult for students to understand the concept in depth. This condition causes some students to have difficulty understanding the procedures and logic of UTP cable installation. To address these challenges, this study developed and tested a web-based simulation application called "Crosslink". This application is designed to provide an interactive learning experience without the risk of device damage. This study used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) which aims to produce valid, practical, and effective learning products. There are two types of validators, namely material experts and media experts. Material experts’ assessments measure content suitability, while media experts’ assessments refer to ISO 25010, and user response testing uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) parameters. This study involved 35 students majoring in Computer Networking (TKJ) at SMK Ketintang Surabaya as respondents. The validation results from material experts were 86.67% and from media experts were 81.67%, indicating that the application meets software quality standards and is suitable for use in learning. Meanwhile, the user response results reached 80.47%, indicating that the application is easy to use in learning the UTP cable crimping process. These findings indicate that Crosslink not only meets the technical feasibility aspect, but also supports learning based on cognitive load theory by helping students focus on understanding crimping concepts without the risk of practical errors.
creator: Ramadhan Cakra Wibawa
creator: Ahmad Zulkifli Baihaqi
creator: Yudha Bima Herlambang
creator: Cahya Dwi Rahmawati
creator: Muhammad Angga Pratama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ramadhan Cakra Wibawa, Ahmad Zulkifli Baihaqi, Yudha Bima Herlambang, Cahya Dwi Rahmawati, Muhammad Angga Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 813
ending page: 827
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1867

Integrasi Green–Blue Infrastructure untuk Ketahanan Iklim dan Air di Nusa Tenggara Timur: Sebuah Systematic Literature Review dari Perspektif Semi-Arid Urban Systems
type: item
description: The semi-arid region of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) faces increasing environmental pressures, including prolonged droughts, rising surface temperatures, and rapid runoff during short, intense rainfall events. These conditions necessitate nature-based solutions to restore hydrological balance and strengthen climate resilience. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Green Infrastructure (GI) and Blue Infrastructure (BI) in addressing water scarcity and urban heat challenges, and to formulate an integrated GI–BI model that is adaptive to the socio-ecological conditions of NTT. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines by examining nine recent international publications on GI–BI performance in semi-arid regions. Synthesis of the nine studies indicates that combinations of GI elements (bio-retention, green roofs, vegetated spaces, street trees) and BI components (retention ponds, natural channels, micro-reservoirs) consistently contribute to restoring 82–90% of pre-development water balance, reducing runoff by 35–45%, and lowering air temperatures by 3–5°C, depending on spatial configuration and local climatic variability. Key barriers to implementation include limited financing, weak cross-sectoral coordination, and insufficient long-term performance data. These findings underscore that GI–BI functions not only as technical interventions but also as critical policy instruments for adaptive spatial planning, green financing frameworks, and remote-sensing–based environmental monitoring in NTT. The study highlights the urgency of developing an integrated long-term implementation framework to ensure the sustainability of GI–BI adoption in enhancing regional climate resilience
creator: Alvin Alfredo Bara
creator: Remigildus Cornelis
creator: Debora Lau
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alvin Alfredo Bara, Remigildus Cornelis, Debora Lau https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-25
publication date: 2025-11-25
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 828
ending page: 838
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1902

Development of a Web-Based 360-Degree Virtual Tour for AEWO Mulyaharja Tourism Village Using the MDLC
type: item
description: Digital tourism increasingly requires interactive and immersive media, yet virtual tour development in rural and community-based settings often lacks methodological rigor, structured usability evaluation, and user-centered design. To address this gap, this study develops a web-based 360-degree Virtual Tour for AEWO Mulyaharja using the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) framework. Introductory Augmented Reality (AR) elements were included to enrich visual presentation, although these features were not the primary focus of evaluation. The system was developed through the six MDLC stages and assessed using an adapted usability instrument derived from the principles of the System Usability Scale (SUS), simplified to accommodate respondents with varying levels of digital literacy. Thirty participants tested the system and rated five aspects: attractiveness, ease of use, information completeness, intention to visit, and cross-device accessibility. The Virtual Tour achieved an average usability score of 81.68 percent, categorized as “very good,” indicating that the platform is engaging, clear, and accessible for potential users. Scientifically, the study contributes to digital tourism literature by integrating MDLC with Human–Computer Interaction considerations and demonstrating the contextual application of an adapted usability measure for community-based environments. Practically, the Virtual Tour enhances AEWO Mulyaharja’s digital visibility and offers a replicable model for rural tourism digitalization. Future research may explore deeper evaluation of AR functionality, broader respondent groups, and additional usability metrics
creator: Amata Fami
creator: Muhammad Nasir
creator: Medhanita Dewi Renanti
creator: Aditya Wicaksono
creator: Nur Aziezah
creator: Irma R.G. Barus
creator: Sofiyanti Indriasari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Amata Fami, Muhammad Nasir, Medhanita Dewi Renanti, Aditya Wicaksono, Nur Aziezah, Irma R.G. Barus, Sofiyanti Indriasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-02
publication date: 2025-12-02
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 839
ending page: 861
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1919

Analisis Clustering Persepsi Santriwati Akhir KMI Terhadap Pengabdian UNIDA Reguler Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
type: item
description: This study aims to categorise and analyse the perceptions of female students graduating from Kulliyatul Mu'allimat al-Islamiyyah (KMI) towards the UNIDA Regular community service programme using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. The categorisation was conducted to determine the level of acceptance among female students in an objective, efficient, and transparent manner as a basis for evaluation and development of future community service programmes. The research method used the CRISP-DM framework, which includes the stages of data understanding, data preparation, modelling, evaluation, and deployment. Primary data was obtained from a five-point Likert scale questionnaire completed by 561 respondents. The analysis was carried out through data cleaning and normalisation, modelling with the K-Means algorithm, determining the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow Method, and validation with the Silhouette Score. The results showed that the optimal number of clusters was three, namely positive (25%), neutral (41%), and negative (34%). The positive cluster had high motivation and attitude, the neutral cluster showed moderate scores with weak social aspects, while the negative cluster was low in almost all variables, especially motivation and experience. The Silhouette Score value of 0.61 indicates that the clustering quality is good. This study proves that the application of K-Means Clustering is effective in mapping female students' perceptions systematically and accurately. The results provide practical input for UNIDA to strengthen motivation, social support, and coaching and mentoring strategies so that the community service programme is received more positively
creator: Miftahuddin Fahmi
creator: Dian Fikrianti
creator: Kharisma Zalza Nurulita
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Miftahuddin Fahmi, Dian Fikrianti, Kharisma Zalza Nurulita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 862
ending page: 871
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1866

Implementation and Evaluation of an Industry 4.0-Based Energy Monitoring System: A Case Study of PT Communication Cable Systems Indonesia Tbk
type: item
description: The industrial shift to the 4.0 age necessitates the adoption of an energy monitoring system capable of giving real-time, precise data that is integrated into the manufacturing process. This research looks at the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Energy Monitoring System (EMS) for PT Communication Cable Systems Indonesia Tbk (CCSI), a fiber optic cable manufacturing firm with a relatively high operating energy consumption. The system was created through the following stages: issue identification, architectural design, prototyping, field implementation, technical validation, and financial analysis. A total of 88 monitoring points were mapped using a mix of digital kWh meters, NodeMCU 8266, RS485-TTL, and Hi-Link power supply modules that were linked via Wi-Fi to a central server for real-time dashboard viewing. The installation results showed enhanced energy data visibility, accuracy of electrical parameter readings, less mistakes due to manual recording, and the ability to spot consumption anomalies using heatmap visualization and performance indicators. Return on Investment (ROI) research revealed net profits beginning in the 21st month with an initial ROI of 2% and increasing to a cumulative ROI of 73% by the 36th month. This study demonstrates that IoT-based EMS may improve energy efficiency, lower operating costs, and enhance digital transformation capabilities in the industrial industry
creator: Hardi Kurnianto
creator: Windi Puspitasari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Hardi Kurnianto, Windi Puspitasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 872
ending page: 886
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1736

Pengembangan Aplikasi RasulEdu Berbasis Android untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital pada Pembelajaran PAI Materi Sejarah Dakwah Rasulullah di SMP Negeri 1 Palangka Raya
type: item
description: This study aims to develop an Android-based learning application called RasulEdu to support Islamic Education (PAI) learning, particularly the topic of the Prophetic Mission History for seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Palangka Raya. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of needs analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The application’s visual elements were designed using Canva, while the development process utilized Smart App Creator. Product validation was conducted by experts in Islamic material, instructional media, and educational technology. Data analysis covered product feasibility assessment and measurement of digital literacy improvement through pretest–posttest. The validation results indicated a feasibility score of 91%, categorized as highly feasible. Field testing involving 30 students showed an increase in the average digital literacy score from 65.3 to 84.7. These findings demonstrate that RasulEdu is effective in enhancing students’ digital skills and understanding of the Prophetic mission material. Overall, the application serves as an interactive and relevant digital learning tool that supports PAI instruction in the modern educational setting.
creator: Muhammad Khalilurrahman
creator: Jasiah Jasiah
creator: Abdul Azis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Khalilurrahman, Jasiah Jasiah, Abdul Azis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 887
ending page: 897
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1909

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor dan Air Buah Lontar sebagai pengencer alami dalam Preservasi Semen Babi: Literatur Review
type: item
description: Boar semen preservation is a method of preserving semen that serves to extend its shelf life and increase its volume, thereby impacting the number of females that are inseminated. Preserved semen is directly related to the quality of the diluent used. Patented diluents are the preferred choice for semen dilution, but they are expensive and not always available, so many studies have examined the use of natural diluents for preservation. The purpose of this literature study is to examine the effectiveness of moringa leaf extract and palmyra juice as natural diluents in semen preservation. The method used in this literature study was to collect various updated sources obtained from journals found through Google Scholar, Scopus, and Sinta. The selection of sources was based on their relevance to topics such as moringa leaf extract, palmyra juice, boar semen, preservation, antioxidants, and artificial insemination. Based on the research that has been conducted, moringa leaf extract and palmyra juice provide good results in improving semen quality, particularly in increasing sperm motility and viability, as well as providing an environmentally friendly and affordable alternative diluent for farmers. The use of palmyra juice has been added as a natural diluent that can protect bovine spermatozoa during preservation, while the addition of moringa leaf extract in tris-egg yolk diluent can suppress abnormal sperm abnormalities in sheep during cold storage. Overall, the use of both moringa leaf extract and palmyra juice offers an effective and efficient alternative solution in boar semen preservation for artificial insemination programs
creator: Adyanto Banamtuan
creator: Nitty Cendrabagusti Mafefa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adyanto Banamtuan, Nitty Cendrabagusti Mafefa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 898
ending page: 905
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1925

Comparative Analysis of Random Forest and XGBoost for Detecting Phishing Websites: A Machine Learning Approach
type: item
description: Phishing attacks represent one of the most significant cybersecurity threats in the digital era, with over 300,000 complaints reported globally in 2023. In Indonesia, the National Cyber and Crypto Agency reported anomalous traffic related to phishing reaching 47,231,390 incidents in 2023, making it one of the greatest threats to the national digital ecosystem. The complexity of increasingly sophisticated modern phishing attacks requires machine learning-based automatic detection approaches to overcome the limitations of ineffective manual detection methods. This study presents a comparative analysis of Random Forest and XGBoost algorithms for automatic phishing website detection using machine learning techniques. Although both algorithms have proven effective in the cybersecurity domain, comprehensive comparisons considering aspects of performance, interpretability, and computational efficiency in the context of phishing detection remain limited, creating a research gap that needs to be filled to optimize national phishing detection systems. The research methodology includes data collection, preprocessing, model implementation, hyperparameter optimization using randomized search with 5-fold stratified cross-validation, and comparative analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that optimized XGBoost delivers the best performance with 97.78% accuracy and 73% faster training time, while Random Forest offers interpretability advantages with 97.65% accuracy. Feature importance analysis reveals SSL certificate status and anchor URL characteristics as the most critical discriminative features. This study concludes that optimized XGBoost is the more optimal choice for production deployment of real-time phishing detection systems, while Random Forest is more suitable for scenarios requiring model transparency. These findings contribute to the development of national phishing detection systems that support the Indonesian government's digitalization program and protect the pu…
creator: Yogi Perdana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yogi Perdana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 906
ending page: 921
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1933

Evaluasi Model Machine learning untuk Prediksi Keparahan Kanker Berdasarkan Data Real-world Global
type: item
description: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and places a significant burden on healthcare systems. Information on cancer severity is crucial for prioritizing treatment and resource planning. This study aims to develop and compare machine learning-based cancer severity classification models using global cancer patient data from 2015–2024. The dataset comprises 50,000 patients with various demographic, lifestyle, environmental, and clinical attributes, as well as severity scores (Target Severity Score). The dataset used in this study was obtained from the open data platform Kaggle (www.kaggle.com), which contains global cancer patient data from 2015 to 2024. The severity score is converted into a binary variable with two classes: low and high severity. The research steps include data preprocessing (cleaning, categorical transformation of variables with one-hot encoding, standardization), data division into training and testing data with a stratified 80:20 ratio, and the development of three classification models: Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with RBF kernel. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and confusion matrix, and validated with 5-fold cross-validation. Experimental results showed that Logistic regression achieved 99.82% accuracy, 99.86% precision, 99.78% recall, and 99.82% F1-score, with very small classification errors. SVM achieved 98.22% accuracy with also high performance, while K-NN only achieved an accuracy of around 79.42%. Cross-validation results confirmed that Logistic regression had the highest average accuracy and the most stability. Thus, Logistic regression is recommended as the primary model for predicting cancer severity in this dataset and has the potential for further development as a component of a clinical decision support system
creator: Sudriyanto Sudriyanto
creator: Abdul Fatah
creator: Moh Dafa Wahna Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sudriyanto Sudriyanto, Abdul Fatah, Moh Dafa Wahna Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 922
ending page: 935
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1940

Analisis Determinan Karakter Siswa Menggunakan Explainable Machine Learning (SHAP) dan Klasterisasi Profil Sekolah Studi Kasus Rapor Pendidikan Provinsi Bali
type: item
description: Strengthening student character is a key performance indicator in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum, but the identification of the school environment's most influential determinants of character achievement is often assumed. This study aims to quantitatively deconstruct the relationship between school climate and student character quality in Bali Province. Using the Indonesian Education Report dataset released by the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (Kemendikdasmen) for the 2023-2025 period with a total of 727 data entries, this study applies the Educational Data Mining methodology with the Random Forest algorithm enhanced by the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to address data inequality. The novelty of this study lies in the use of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for model transparency and K-Means Clustering for zoning mapping. Experimental results show the model is able to predict character achievement with 77.03% accuracy. The SHAP analysis revealed the interesting finding that Climate for Diversity (influence score of 0.45) and Climate for Gender Equality (0.22) were the strongest predictors, far exceeding the influence of Climate for Security (0.13). This finding challenges the common assumption that physical security is the single most important factor. Furthermore, the clustering analysis identified three school typologies in Bali, including one "Vulnerable" cluster that scored critically on gender equality and diversity despite having adequate security scores. This study recommends shifting the focus of education policy in Bali from a physical security approach to strengthening tolerance and gender equality programs, which have been shown to have a more statistically significant impact
creator: Md. Wira Putra Dananjaya
creator: Ngakan Nyoman Kutha Krisnawijaya
creator: Gede Humaswara Prathama
creator: I Gusti Ngurah Darma Paramartha
creator: Adie Wahyudi Oktavia Gama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Md. Wira Putra Dananjaya, Ngakan Nyoman Kutha Krisnawijaya, Gede Humaswara Prathama, I Gusti Ngurah Darma Paramartha, Adie Wahyudi Oktavia Gama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 936
ending page: 948
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1988

Analisis Pemahaman Peserta Latsar CPNS terhadap Instrumen Analisis Isu: Pohon Masalah, Fishbone, dan SWOT
type: item
description: This study analyzes the level of understanding among participants in the Basic Training for BRIN Civil Servant Candidates (CPNS) regarding the use of issue-analysis instruments, namely Problem Tree, Fishbone, and SWOT. The research employed a mixed-methods approach with an Explanatory Sequential design, involving 19 participants from diverse scientific backgrounds and employment statuses. The findings indicate that participants demonstrated the highest initial understanding of the SWOT analysis (73.3%), whereas 62% showed limited understanding of the Problem Tree, and 57.1% had limited comprehension of the Fishbone method. No significant relationship was found between participants’ academic background or employment status and their level of understanding. SWOT was most frequently selected due to its simple structure, cross-context flexibility, and familiarity among participants. In contrast, comprehension of the Problem Tree and Fishbone was mainly achieved through experiential learning activities. The combination of SWOT and Problem Tree emerged as the most widely used because both methods complement one another in analyzing organizational issues at macro and micro levels. This combination enables participants to produce more comprehensive, focused, and relevant issue analyses to support policy alternative formulation. These findings underscore the importance of experiential learning approaches in civil service training to strengthen integrative and reflective policy-analysis competencies
creator: Nurul Diniyati
creator: Yogtavia Indah Kurniadewi
creator: Restu Lestari
creator: Arvita Rosmawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Diniyati, Yogtavia Indah Kurniadewi, Restu Lestari, Arvita Rosmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 7
number: 02
starting page: 949
ending page: 961
doi: 10.53863/kst.v7i02.1958