Analisis Pemahaman Peserta Latsar CPNS terhadap Instrumen Analisis Isu: Pohon Masalah, Fishbone, dan SWOT

Nurul Diniyati; Yogtavia Indah Kurniadewi; Restu Lestari; Arvita Rosmawati

doi:10.53863/kst.v7i02.1958

Authors

Nurul Diniyati Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
Yogtavia Indah Kurniadewi Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
Restu Lestari Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
Arvita Rosmawati Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53863/kst.v7i02.1958

Keywords:

Basic Training CPNS, Issue Analysis, Problem Tree, Fishbone Diagram, SWOT

Abstract

This study analyzes the level of understanding among participants in the Basic Training for BRIN Civil Servant Candidates (CPNS) regarding the use of issue-analysis instruments, namely Problem Tree, Fishbone, and SWOT. The research employed a mixed-methods approach with an Explanatory Sequential design, involving 19 participants from diverse scientific backgrounds and employment statuses. The findings indicate that participants demonstrated the highest initial understanding of the SWOT analysis (73.3%), whereas 62% showed limited understanding of the Problem Tree, and 57.1% had limited comprehension of the Fishbone method. No significant relationship was found between participants’ academic background or employment status and their level of understanding. SWOT was most frequently selected due to its simple structure, cross-context flexibility, and familiarity among participants. In contrast, comprehension of the Problem Tree and Fishbone was mainly achieved through experiential learning activities. The combination of SWOT and Problem Tree emerged as the most widely used because both methods complement one another in analyzing organizational issues at macro and micro levels. This combination enables participants to produce more comprehensive, focused, and relevant issue analyses to support policy alternative formulation. These findings underscore the importance of experiential learning approaches in civil service training to strengthen integrative and reflective policy-analysis competencies

References

Adekoya, A. A. (2021). The usefulness of SWOT analysis as a strategic management tool. Journal of Contemporary Research in Business and Management, 3(1), 45–56.

Alim, A., & Wening, K. (2021). Strategic analysis using SWOT for organizational planning. Journal of Management Studies, 12(2), 112–125.

Ambar Rahayu, A., & Wahyudi, W. (2021). Kurikulum dan pembelajaran Latsar CPNS. Jurnal Diklat Aparatur, 9(1), 1–12.

Anwar, S., & Kamaliah, K. (2024). Penerapan statistik inferensial dalam penelitian sosial. Jurnal Statistika Terapan, 5(1), 22–30.

Budiarto, E. (2002). Biostatistika : untuk kedokteran kesehatan masyarakat. Geneva.

Callens, I., & Seiffert, B. (2003). Goal-Oriented Project Planning (ZOPP): A Method for Project Planning and Management. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ).

Coccia, M. (2017). The fishbone diagram to identify the causes of accidents. International Journal of Safety Studies, 2(3), 1–5.

Hartanto, A., & Yuliani, R. (2019). Statistik inferensial untuk penelitian pendidikan. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 3(2), 88–97.

Holifahtus Sakdiyah, S., Eltivia, N., & Afandi, A. (2022). Root Cause Analysis Using Fishbone Diagram: Company Management Decision Making. Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research, 1(6), 566–576. https://doi.org/10.54408/jabter.v1i6.103

Iba, M., & Wardhana, W. (2023). Statistik deskriptif untuk penelitian sosial. Jurnal Statistika Indonesia, 7(1), 11–20.

Kamaliah, K., & others. (2023). Statistik deskriptif dan aplikasinya dalam penelitian pendidikan. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan, 8(1), 99–110.

Kasih, N., Ramadhani, A., Aulia, R., & Al-Amin, M. (2024). Implementasi Problem Tree Analysis dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Program Kalimasada di Kecamatan Lakarsantri Kota Surabaya. Indonesian Journal of Public Administration Review.

Lembaga Administrasi Negara Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan LAN RI Nomor 1 Tahun 2021 tentang Pelatihan Dasar CPNS.

Mercieca, B., & others. (2016). Limitations of SWOT analysis in strategic planning. Journal of Strategic Studies, 14(1), 55–66.

Presiden Republik Indonesia. (2020). Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Manajemen ASN.

Setiawan, A., & others. (2025). Penerapan Fisher’s Exact Test dalam penelitian dengan sampel kecil. Jurnal Statistika Modern, 3(1), 20–33.

Shubchan, N., & Rossa, T. (2021). Pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan terhadap kemampuan analisis masalah. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan, 12(1), 33–44.

Snowdon, W., Schultz, J., & Swinburn, B. (2008). Problem and Solution Trees: A Practical Approach for Identifying Contributing Factors and Potential Interventions. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-5-15

Subagiyo, A., Prayitno, G., Dinanti, D., Permata W., W., & Wigayatri, M. (2020). Penerapan Participatory Rural Appraisal Pohon Masalah Di Desa Kalipucang Sebagai Desa Mandiri Energi. Journal of Character Education Society, 3(2), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.31764/jces.v3i2.2363

Tantri, M., Eltivia, R., & Djajanto, L. (2024). Penerapan fishbone diagram dalam peningkatan kualitas layanan publik. Jurnal Manajemen Publik, 9(1), 30–42.

Three, T. H. E., Of, T., Components, T., In, I., Worldviews, A. S., & For, C. (n.d.). Table of Contents PART I - Preliminary Considerations.

Veselý, A. (2008). Problem Tree: A Problem Structuring Heuristic. Central European Journal of Public Policy, 2(2), 68–81.

Yazdi, M., & others. (2023). Application of problem tree analysis in engineering risk assessment. Journal of Engineering Risk, 5(2), 66–78.

Yuliana, N., Hidayat, R., & Permana, A. (2024). Penguatan kompetensi analisis ASN melalui experiential learning. Jurnal Reformasi Birokrasi, 5(1), 40–52.

Zhang, G., Thorndyke, B., Carter, R., Ohland, M., & Anderson, T. (n.d.). A Comparison of Demographic Factors and Academic Performances between Students Graduated in Engineering and Other Disciplines.